Weather conditions

The area of the Kuialnyk Estuary is climatically part of the northwestern Black Sea region and is under its influence. The surface of the sea basin warms up and cools down more slowly than land, so in winter, the Black Sea helps raise air temperatures in adjacent inland areas, while in summer, due to its cooling effect, it helps lower them. In winter, the influence of the warm Black Sea extends inland across Ukraine by 140–280 km and reduces the climate’s continentality.

Solar radiation plays a key role in shaping the temperature regime. The coldest month in the coastal zone is January, with an average temperature ranging from -3 °C to -1 °C, while the warmest month is July, with average temperatures from 21 °C to 23 °C. The highest precipitation levels occur in June, and the lowest in February–March. The amount of precipitation during the warm season significantly exceeds that of the cold season.

Meteorological conditions in the cold season (December–February) in the northwestern Black Sea region are shaped by prevailing northwesterly and northerly winds. During this period, due to a strong stationary anticyclone, storm winds reach their peak in both duration and intensity. In spring, wind direction partially shifts to the south, and the frequency of northern winds decreases. In summer, calm periods are observed, and wind speeds mostly range from 0 to 5 m/s.

Overall, the climate in the area where Kuialnytskyi National Nature Park is located can be classified as moderately maritime with subtropical features. Winters are mild and short, springs are long, summers are hot, and autumns are warm and extended. The best seasons to visit the Park are spring and autumn.